No force dog trainers listed on this website pledge to Do No Harm and avoid using aversive methods and tools in training. They train using the Least Inhibitive, Functionally Effective (LIFE) approach rather than the Least Intrusive, Minimally Aversive (LIMA) approach in their ethical animal training methods so they can get the best training outcomes possible.

They choose the methods they use based on The Hierarchy of Dog Needs (HDN), a unique, groundbreaking model of wellness and behavior modification. It is an adaptation of Maslow’s Hierarchy of (human) Needs™ designed specifically to meet a dog’s needs.